Have you ever heard of Flying Eagle pennies? These little coins pack a punch when it comes to history, value, and sheer collector appeal. If you’re into coin collecting or just curious about old coins, you’re in for a treat! Let’s dive into the fascinating world of Flying Eagle pennies and discover why they’re so coveted by numismatists and history buffs alike.
What Are Flying Eagle Pennies?
Flying Eagle pennies are small cents minted in the United States from 1856 to 1858. They were the first small-sized cents to replace the much larger copper cents known as Large Cents. The coin features an eagle in mid-flight on the obverse and a simple wreath on the reverse. Despite their short minting period, these coins have left a lasting legacy.
Why Are They Called Flying Eagle Pennies?
The name comes from the dynamic image of an eagle in flight, beautifully designed by James B. Longacre, the Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint at the time. The eagle’s wings are spread wide, giving the illusion of soaring through the air. It’s a majestic design that still catches the eye today!
A Brief History of Flying Eagle Pennies
The U.S. Mint introduced Flying Eagle pennies to replace the cumbersome Large Cents, which were not only bulky but also unpopular. The change aimed to create a smaller, lighter, and more practical coin for everyday transactions. The Flying Eagle penny made its debut in 1856 as a pattern coin and officially entered circulation in 1857.
The Significance of 1856 Flying Eagle Pennies
The 1856 Flying Eagle penny is the most valuable of the series. Technically a pattern coin rather than a circulation piece, it was struck in limited numbers, making it incredibly rare and sought after today. Collectors go crazy over this coin, as it can fetch tens of thousands of dollars at auction!
The 1857 and 1858 Flying Eagle Pennies
After the success of the 1856 pattern, the mint began regular production in 1857 and 1858. These two years are the most common Flying Eagle pennies you’ll find, but that doesn’t mean they’re cheap. High-grade examples still command significant premiums.
The Composition and Design
Flying Eagle pennies are composed of 88% copper and 12% nickel, giving them a pale, almost white-metal appearance. The obverse features the iconic flying eagle, while the reverse displays an ornate wreath of agricultural products.
Fun Fact: The coin’s color and metal composition led to the nickname “white cents” among collectors!
Why Were Flying Eagle Pennies Discontinued?
Despite their innovative design, Flying Eagle pennies were short-lived. The coins didn’t strike well, and the design led to frequent die breaks. In 1859, they were replaced by the Indian Head penny, which proved to be more durable and practical.
How to Identify Authentic Flying Eagle Pennies
With the coin’s value being so high, forgeries are unfortunately common. Authentic Flying Eagle pennies have sharp details, particularly on the eagle’s feathers and the wreath on the reverse. Be wary of coins that look overly worn or suspiciously shiny!
Factors That Affect Value
Like any collectible coin, the value of a Flying Eagle penny is determined by:
- Year and Rarity
- Condition and Grade
- Market Demand
- Historical Significance
Grading Flying Eagle Pennies
Coin grading plays a massive role in determining value. Uncirculated coins in pristine condition are the most valuable, while heavily circulated examples with wear and damage fetch lower prices.
Collecting Tips and Tricks
- Buy from Reputable Dealers: Always purchase from certified coin dealers to avoid counterfeits.
- Check for Certification: Look for grading from NGC or PCGS.
- Examine the Coin Closely: Use a magnifying glass to inspect key details.
Investment Potential
Flying Eagle pennies have consistently appreciated in value over the years. Their rarity and historical significance make them a solid choice for long-term investment, especially high-grade specimens.
Where to Buy Flying Eagle Pennies
You can find Flying Eagle pennies at coin shops, online auction sites, and numismatic shows. Always verify authenticity before purchasing.
The Legacy of Flying Eagle Pennies
Though short-lived, Flying Eagle pennies represent a pivotal moment in U.S. coinage history. They marked the transition from large copper cents to the smaller, more practical coins we know today.
Conclusion
Flying Eagle pennies are more than just coins—they’re relics of American history that tell a story of change and progress. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or just getting started, owning one of these pennies is like holding a piece of the past. So, the next time you stumble across a Flying Eagle penny, remember—you’ve got a true treasure in your hands!
FAQs
1. How much is an 1856 Flying Eagle penny worth?
An 1856 Flying Eagle penny can be worth anywhere from $7,000 to over $50,000, depending on its condition and rarity.
2. Are Flying Eagle pennies rare?
Yes, especially the 1856 pattern coins. Even the 1857 and 1858 coins are considered collectible and can be valuable.
3. How do I clean a Flying Eagle penny?
Never clean a collectible coin, as it can drastically reduce its value. Consult a professional numismatist for advice.
4. Where can I sell my Flying Eagle pennies?
You can sell them through coin shops, auction houses, or reputable online marketplaces.
5. Why did the U.S. Mint stop making Flying Eagle pennies?
The coins were prone to die breaks and didn’t strike well, leading to the introduction of the Indian Head penny in 1859.